Why a serious valuation is a range, not an exact price

In the used market there is rarely one "correct" price down to the last euro. Even with good comparables, differences remain in condition, location, timing, accessories and negotiation.

It is therefore useful to establish at least three reference points:

• lower range: an attractive price compatible with a relatively quick sale;
• central range: a reasonable market value for a correctly described item;
• upper range: a possible price for exceptionally clean, complete or desirable examples.

When data is scarce, the range should become wider rather than artificially more precise.

A valuation is better when it makes uncertainty visible. Apparent precision and actual accuracy are not the same thing.